{"id":63,"date":"2014-03-23T08:37:16","date_gmt":"2014-03-23T07:37:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/wordpress\/index.php\/2014\/03\/23\/reglage-des-anches-de-bourdon-en-roseau-3\/"},"modified":"2022-04-29T17:13:18","modified_gmt":"2022-04-29T15:13:18","slug":"reglage-des-anches-de-bourdon-en-roseau-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/?p=63","title":{"rendered":"Qu&#8217;est ce donc qu&#8217;une bombarde ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"background-attachment: fixed; background-repeat: no-repeat;\"><b><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;\">Des origines de la bombarde <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"background-attachment: fixed; background-repeat: no-repeat;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Comme pour le biniou , les attestations de l\u2019usage d\u2019un hautbois populaire en Bretagne ne manquent pas. L\u2019instrument y est pr\u00e9sent depuis au moins le XV\u00e8me si\u00e8cle ( le terme de \u00ab\u00a0Bombart\u00a0\u00bb traduit par chalemie se trouve dans le Catholicum de 1464).<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"background-attachment: fixed; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Hautbois et bombardes deviennent synonymes au XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle quand on parle des instruments des sonneurs.<br style=\"clear: none;\" \/><!-- [if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id=\"_x0000_t75\"  coordsize=\"21600,21600\" o:spt=\"75\" o:preferrelative=\"t\" path=\"<a href=\"mailto:m@4@5l\">m@4@5l<\/a>@<a href=\"mailto:4@11@9\">4@11@9<\/a>@<a href=\"mailto:11@9@5xe\">11@9@5xe<\/a>\"  filled=\"f\" stroked=\"f\">  <v:stroke joinstyle=\"miter\"\/>  <v:formulas>   <v:f eqn=\"if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"sum @0 1 0\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"sum 0 0 @1\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"prod @2 1 2\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"prod @3 21600 pixelWidth\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"prod @3 21600 pixelHeight\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"sum @0 0 1\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"prod @6 1 2\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"prod @7 21600 pixelWidth\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"sum @8 21600 0\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"prod @7 21600 pixelHeight\"\/>   <v:f eqn=\"sum @10 21600 0\"\/>  <\/v:formulas>  <v:path o:extrusionok=\"f\" gradientshapeok=\"t\" o:connecttype=\"rect\"\/>  <o:lock v:ext=\"edit\" aspectratio=\"t\"\/> <\/v:shapetype><v:shape id=\"_x0000_s1026\" type=\"#_x0000_t75\" style='position:absolute;  margin-left:382.85pt;margin-top:176.65pt;width:168.75pt;height:168.75pt;  z-index:-251658240;mso-position-horizontal-relative:margin;  mso-position-vertical-relative:margin' wrapcoords=\"-96 0 -96 21504 21600 21504 21600 0 -96 0\">  <v:imagedata src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\\Users\\herve\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\msohtmlclip1\\01\\clip_image001.jpg\"   o:title=\"bombarde\"\/>  <w:wrap type=\"through\" anchorx=\"margin\" anchory=\"margin\"\/> <\/v:shape><![endif]--><!-- [if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><\/p>\n<p style=\"background-attachment: fixed; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Bien peu de repr\u00e9sentations bretonnes sont fiables. En Europe, les repr\u00e9sentations les plus pr\u00e9cises se trouvent dans l\u2019ouvrage de JM Praetorius\u00a0 De Organographia (1619). On y voit des chalumeaux, instruments \u00a0sopranos les plus aigus, sans aucune clef en m\u00e9tal. Ce sont les anc\u00eatres directs de certaines bombardes \u00e0 six trous encore jou\u00e9es au XX\u00e8me \u00a0si\u00e8cle en pays vannetais.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-attachment: fixed; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A Rennes, pour la venue d\u2019Henri \u00a0IV en 1598, sont r\u00e9tribu\u00e9s des \u00ab joueurs de bombarde \u00bb. A Dinan, selon des aveux de 1617, les marchands doivent r\u00e9compenser l\u2019 aff\u00e9agiste, celui qui est en charge de la pes\u00e9e des marchandises, par trois aubades lors du feu de la saint-Jean. Ces aubades sont ex\u00e9cut\u00e9es par des sonneurs de hautbois amen\u00e9s au devant de sa maison. Le lendemain, lors du grand repas, les plats, port\u00e9s en procession par les bouchers de la ville, sont men\u00e9s par les \u00absonneurs de tambourins, hautbois et bombardes, comme c\u2019est l\u2019accoustum\u00e9\u00a0 de temps imm\u00e9morial\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-attachment: fixed; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Sur le r\u00f4le d\u2019\u00e9quipage du vaisseau Le Diligent, arm\u00e9 en 1708 par la Compagnie des Indes, figure un \u00ab\u00a0joueur de hautbois\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-attachment: fixed; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0En 1547, \u00e0 Saint-Laurent (pr\u00e8s de B\u00e9gard), la fabrique de la chapelle fait appel \u00e0 des sonneurs pour un pardon. Les comptes portent mention \u00ab\u00a0 pour les deux parts (deux jours) les dispens des deux chalumeaux, deux tambourins et la bombarde , 50 sous \u00bb . Il est fort possible que les chalumeaux d\u00e9signent les cornemuses . En ce cas il y aurait une seule bombarde pour deux cornemuses !<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-attachment: fixed; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;\"><b>Source\u00a0:<\/b> Musique Bretonne &#8211; Histoire des sonneurs de tradition (<i>Editions le Chasse Mar\u00e9e) \u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Des origines de la bombarde \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Comme pour le biniou , les attestations de l\u2019usage d\u2019un hautbois<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":420,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","_s2mail":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-instruments-bombarde","comments-off"],"author_meta":{"display_name":"hervic","author_link":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/?author=1"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/bombarde-pavillon.jpg","coauthors":[],"tax_additional":{"categories":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/?cat=25\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">bombarde<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">bombarde<\/span>"]}},"comment_count":0,"relative_dates":{"created":"Publi\u00e9 12 ans il y a","modified":"Mis \u00e0 jour 4 ans il y a"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Publi\u00e9 le 23 mars 2014","modified":"Mise \u00e0 jour le 29 avril 2022"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Publi\u00e9 le 23 mars 2014 8h37","modified":"Mise \u00e0 jour le 29 avril 2022 17h13"},"featured_img_caption":"","series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3442,"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions\/3442"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevrenn-larochelle.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}